সরাসরি প্রধান সামগ্রীতে চলে যান

GENGHIS KHAN : THE NAME OF A LAMENT IN HISTORY


One of the most controversial, barbaric, oppressive, violent characters in history is Genghis Khan. Almost everyone who has read history knows about him or is familiar with this name. There are only a handful of his equals in the history of the world.  Who single-handedly conquered the largest region in the world and who is simultaneously responsible for the deaths of 40 million innocent people.  The life story of Genghis Khan is like a living movie with an unprecedented mix of destruction, murder, cunning, power, greed and maneuvering.  An important chapter of history may remain unknown to you if you do not know about the thrilling ups and downs of his life and the unimaginable devastation.  So I tried to discuss some wonderful facts about the life of Genghis Khan here.  Mistakes are forgivable.


Birth and place of birth: -
This conqueror of history was born in the steppe or grassland pasture of Mongolia.  Genghis is believed to have been born in a place called Delun Baldakh, very close to the Burkhan Khaldun Mountains in the Khenti Mountains of northern Mongolia. He was probably born in 1162. However, Genghis is not his real name.  Real name but not Genghis.  "Genghis Khan" is his title.  "Temujin" is his real name.  After many battles and bloodshed, when Temujin emerged as the sole ruler of the entire Mongolian steppe in 1206, he was given the title of "Genghis Khan".  Whose Bengali meaning is most probably the lord of the whole world.  Perhaps this is why his ancestral name, Temujin, is lost in the abyss of time to the glory and power of the name Genghis.


Childhood Life: -
Genghis's childhood and adolescence were eventful and full of adversity.  His father was a local tribal chief.  So aristocracy was born of Genghis Khan.  According to Mongol custom, he was married at the age of twelve to a beautiful girl named Borte.  However, little Temujin's fortune did not last long. At that time, no single nation lived in the Eurasian steppe region like the modern nation-state of today.  Rather, this grassland, spread over millions of square miles, was divided into tribes, groups, and subgroups.  There was no government or law.  In Gotra or Kabila Tantric society, the customs of the Gotra were the ultimate.  There were no police, Kotal or Kazi.  The Eurasian steppe region was inhabited by various Tatar, Turkic, and Mongol tribes.  At the time of Genghis's birth, the Tatars had a strong hold on the steppe lands. Genghis's father was a fierce enemy of the Tatars.  According to Mongol legend, Genghis's father died after drinking poisoned horse milk given to him by the Tatars.


 After the death of his father, the people of his tribe did not want to accept the leadership of the minor Temujin.  So one by one all the people of the tribe started leaving their families.  This was the most difficult time of Genghis Khan's life.  From that moment on, the boy Genghis was preparing for the perilous path of the next life.  The adversity of childhood was building him up for the future.  The harshness of Genghis's character was evident from his childhood.  The perfect archer boy Temujin killed his honest brother when he was only thirteen years old.  The motive for the killing is very little.  Quarrel over food sharing.


 ★Youth and Rise: -
 At the age of 18 Temujin was brought home.  Borte was actually his first and last love in the company of thousands of polygamous women.  Despite being the father of numerous children, he nominated only four sons to be born in Bort's womb.  This love of Borte and Temujin has survived in history to be unique.  Surviving are the four sons of Genghis, born in Bort's womb, named Jochi, Tului, Odegii, and Chughtai Khan.  It is pertinent to note that the Mughals who ruled India for a long time are the descendants of Chughtai Khan, hence they are known as Chaghtai Turki.

                Portrait of Genghis Khan.


Temujin to Genghis: -
 Whatever he is.  Temujin did not stay with Borte for very long.  Within a few days the separation came again.  Opponents ambushed and killed Temujin's tribe, as well as Borte.  In this great danger, Temujin took refuge in his father's friend Tughrul Khan.  Tughrul Khan was the head of a powerful tribe and the blood brother of Genghis' father.  In the old days, the Mongols used to exchange blood by cutting off their hands.  The Blood Brothers were committed to being faithful to each other for life.  Genghis also sought the help of his own "blood brother" Jamukhara to rescue Borte.  Borteke was finally rescued.  Shortly after his return, Joachim, the eldest son of Genghis, was born in Bort's womb.  But as Bort was born just nine months after his release from the enemy camp, rumors began circulating about Joachim's father's identity.  However, Genghis has identified Jochi as his own child for life.


Gradually, Temujin became stronger with the help of Jamukha and Tughrul.  But the ambitious Temujin was preparing to own a larger empire.  He preferred merit to lineage in the army which was against the Mongol tradition and very disliked by his blood brother Jamukhara.  Besides, the ultimate goal of both of them was to establish monopoly.  So the conflict between the two became inevitable.  At one point, Temujin's blood brother Jamukha became a fierce enemy of Genghis.  Over time, this conflict of dominance has intensified.


But we didn't have to wait long to get a final settlement.  The most important event in Genghis Khan's life took place in 1206, when he was about 35 years old.  The Mongolian steppe was then divided into two camps.  Genghis led on one side and Jamukha on the other.  The title of Jumkha was then "Gur Khan".  After several battles with Temujin and the defeat of Jamukha, the people of Jamukha handed him over to Genghis.

Soldier Genghis on the battlefield.


But the most heinous crime for Genghis Khan was treason.  The consequences of their betrayal to the enemy by the generals of Jammu and Kashmir who handed over the leader in the hope of being rewarded by Genghis were very terrible.  Genghis ordered them all to be boiled in boiling water for the crime of treason.  Jamukha was killed by breaking his back according to his own will according to the Mongol custom.  Although several sources suggest that Genghis did not want to kill Jamukha, Jamukha himself did not want to live with the shame of defeat.  After the defeat of Jamukha, the rest of the Mongolian tribes began to submit to Genghis.  That same year he was awarded the title of "Genghis Khan".


Worldwide Empire Expansion: -
After becoming "Genghis Khan", Temujin lived another 21 years and that was the golden age of his life.  During that time he conquered an area of ​​about 10 million square kilometers in China, India, Europe, India and Asia.  He was overthrown in 1211 by the Western Jin (JIN) Empire, in 1215 by the magnificent Xia Empire, and in 1220 by the mighty Khwarezm Empire.  Besides, the Mongol forces came to the Punjab of India through Afghanistan.  The Caucasus and the Black Sea region were also included in Genghis's empire.  In Europe, Genghis's Jayarath reached Ukraine via Bulgaria.  Surprisingly, Genghis Khan's forces did not gain any momentum to conquer the invincible Russia forever.  Finally, in 1228, the conqueror of the largest empire in the world died.  No one knows where Genghis's tomb is.  Because everyone present at his funeral was killed.  And the heirs of Genghis also kept it a secret.  So to this day the tomb of Genghis is an unknown mystery.


Besides, Genghis Khan did not like to paint his own portrait at all.  So we don't have any real picture of Genghis Khan.  The ones that continue to be his paintings are actually the imagination of the next generation of artists.  He ordered his life story to be recorded in his lifetime, better known as the "Secret Book of Mongols".  In fact, it is the only reliable source to know about the life of this mysterious man.

                Brutal Mongol forces.


★ The brutality of the Mongol forces:-
Genghis Khan's conquest of the kingdom was horrendous.  Before conquering a city, the people of that city were ordered to surrender unconditionally.  If they did not accept that, the siege would start, then a sudden attack would be carried out on the starving city dwellers.  None of the men, women and children could escape the brutality of the Mongol forces.  Popular medieval cities like Marv, Beijing, Samarkand were reduced to rubble by the brutality of the Mongol forces.  Urgenz in present-day Turkmenistan was one of the most important cities of the Middle Ages.  That too was completely destroyed by the Mongol forces.  During the conquest of this city of about 1.2 million people, each of the 50,000 soldiers of Genghis's army was assigned to kill an average of 24 innocent people.  The vast civilization spread over thousands of square miles turned into a ghost town.  The ruins of several Central Asian cities still survive as witnesses to the horrors of the Mongol invasion.  It is estimated that Genghis Khan's expeditions killed about 40 million people, or about 11 percent of the world's population.


But at the end of the day, it can be said that why should we remember a warrior, a nomadic soldier, a warlord who killed millions of innocent people, why should we discuss the life story of this great hero in history.  Because the rise of Genghis changed the face of the world and ushered in a new chapter.  So no matter how much it is condemned, no one can deny the historical significance of Genghis Khan.  And that is why Genghis has taken place in the history of the world as a terrible synonym of destruction and bloodshed.  But to the Mongols he is still a god.  They are still proud of Genghis Khan.  Genghis is still an inspiration to them.

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   ★★★The above article is not a research paper or any such work. Some of the collected [information from various books, internet, wikipedia, articles, various social media] is just a student reading and happy reading analysis of the information.  Follow my blog for everyone.  I will try to write more appropriately.

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এই ব্লগটি থেকে জনপ্রিয় পোস্টগুলি

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